2021 Northwest Heat Dome: Causes, Impacts and Future Outlook. USDA Northwest Climate Hub. June 2021 In the summer of 2021, the Northwest experienced record-breaking high temperatures from late June through mid-July. The heat wave affected Oregon, Washington, Idaho, northern California, western Nevada, and British Columbia. Temperature records were broken by several degrees in many cities in the Northwest. In 2021, it was one of the most extreme events recorded globally. The regional average daily maximum temperature was nearly 30°F hotter than the mean of the hottest 3 months in the previous decade, and the highest temperature was 61°F hotter (see map below, note map is in Celsius). Canada recorded a record temperature in British Columbia (121.3°F), which is higher than the hottest temperatures ever recorded in many states, including Texas (as of June 2021, the highest ever recorded for Texas was 120°F). For a region with average high temperature in June in the 60’s or 70’s depending on location, this heat wave caused devastating impacts. The heat dome caused over 250 deaths in the U.S. and more than 400 in Canada. This event also put stress on hospitals, with hundreds of heat-related emergency visits reported for Oregon, Idaho, Washington, and Alaska. Elderly people, homeless people, people who work outside, and people who do not have access to air conditioning are especially vulnerable to these impacts. In addition to health impacts, there were impacts to infrastructure. In Washington, the heat caused sections of Interstate-5 and State Route 162 buckle, causing some lanes to be closed. In Portland, the heat exceeded the design limits of the TriMet MAX systemmelting train power lines and shutting down trains for a day. Agriculture was also affected by the heat dome. Plants usually control their temperature through transpiration, releasing water through their leaves. In extreme temperatures, plants cannot transpire, and they have trouble cooling down. Even if they have plentiful water available in the soil, they will not use it to cool themselves down because of a stress response that causes them to close the pores (stomata) on their leaves. Some crops like blackberries and raspberries may pull water from their fruit. This can make fruits soft or dry, and the heat dome greatly reduced yields, with some farmers experiencing as much as 100% crop loss in parts of Willamette Valley.

In parts of the Northwest, trees and forests were damaged by the heat as well. This was most noticeable for forests in the Coast Range, where trees are not adapted to such extreme high of temperatures and were in earlier stages of seasonal development. The heat made conditions worse for trees that were already suffering from the previous two years of drought, and trees displayed signs of scorched leaves. Some trees like western hemlock dropped their needles, leaving the trees bare. 

What caused the 2021 Northwest Heat Dome? This heat wave, or heat dome, was caused by several factors coming together.......read on..... https://www.climatehubs.usda.gov/hubs/northwest/topic/2021-northwest-heat-dome-causes-impacts-and-future-outlook#:~:text=In%202021%2C%20it%20was%20one,note%20map%20is%20in%20Celsius).     

BUT THE TRUE CAUSE OF THIS TRAGIC  EVENT AND ALL THE OTHER "NATURAL DISASTERS" ARE THE FOSSIL FUEL COMPANIES....PERHAPS THE NEXT ARTICLE OFFERS A SOLUTION....
Not Caused by an Act of God’: In a Rare Court Action, an Oregon County Seeks to Hold Fossil Fuel Companies Accountable for Extreme Temperatures. Multnomah County recorded its highest-ever temperatures during heat dome conditions in 2021 that killed 69 people. 
Inside Climate News Victoria St. Martin  July 8, 2024 Over the course of three days in June 2021, Multnomah County—the Emerald State’s most populous county, which rests in the swayback along Oregon’s northern border—recorded highs of 108, 112 and 116 degrees Fahrenheit. Temperatures were so hot that the metal on cable cars melted and the asphalt on roadways buckled. Nearly half the homes in the county lacked cooling systems because of Oregon’s typically gentle summers, where average highs top out at 81 degrees. Sixty-nine people perished from heat stroke, most of them in their homes. When scientific studies showed that the extreme temperatures were caused by heat domes, which experts say are influenced by climate change, county officials didn’t just chalk it up to a random weather occurrence. They 

started researching the large fossil fuel companies whose emissions are driving the climate crisis—including ExxonMobil, Shell and Chevron—and sued them.“This catastrophe was not caused by an act of God,” said Jeffrey B. Simon, a lawyer for the county, “but rather by several of the world’s largest energy companies playing God with the lives of innocent and vulnerable people by selling as much oil and gas as they could.”Now, 11 months after the suit was filed, Multnomah County is preparing to move forward with the case in Oregon state court after a federal judge in June settled a months-long debate over where the suit should be heard.

About three dozen lawsuits have been filed by states, counties and cities seeking damages from oil and gas companies for harms caused by climate change. Legal experts said the Oregon case is one of the first focused on public health costs related to high temperatures during a specific occurrence of the “heat dome effect.” Most of the other lawsuits seek damages more generally from such ongoing climate-related impacts as sea level rise, increased precipitation, intensifying extreme weather events and flooding. Pat Parenteau, professor of law emeritus at Vermont Law and Graduate School, said that zeroing in on the heat and the heat dome effect are elements that might make the Multnomah case easier to prove. “When it comes to the extreme heat events that affected Portland, the scientists concluded, in looking at that event and then looking at historical records of heat waves in the Pacific Northwest, it would not have happened, but for human-caused climate change,” Parenteau said.  “That’s actually the first time I’ve ever seen climate scientists state a conclusion like that in such absolute terms,” he added.

Korey Silverman-Roati, a fellow at Columbia University’s Sabin Center for Climate Change, also said the case was distinctive because it focused on a specific event. “A lot of these other suits are alleging more long-term impact harm from climate change, like sea level rise is something that happens over the course of decades,” Silverman-Roati said. “Whereas the Multnomah suit is this 2021 heat dome disaster that they had to deal with.” The Multnomah County lawsuit says that Exxon, Shell, Chevron and others engaged in a range of improper practices, including negligence, creating a public nuisance, fraud and deceit. The suit alleges that the companies were aware of the harms of fossil fuels and engaged in a “scheme to rapaciously sell fossil fuel products and deceptively promote them as harmless to the environment, while they knew that carbon pollution emitted by their products into the atmosphere would likely cause deadly extreme heat events like that which devastated Multnomah County.”

“We know that climate-induced weather events like the 2021 Heat Dome harm the residents of Multnomah County and cause real financial costs to our local government,” Multnomah County Chair Jessica Vega Pederson said in a statement. “We allege that this is just like any other kind of public health crisis and mass destruction of property that is caused by corporate wrongdoing.” “The Court’s decision to hear this lawsuit in State Court validates our assertion that the case should be resolved here—it’s an important win for this community. ”A spokesperson for Exxon declined to comment on the case; representatives for Shell and Chevron did not respond to requests for comment.....read on  https://insideclimatenews.org/news/08072024/multnomah-county-oregon-lawsuit-against-fossil-fuel-industry-for-heat-dome/?utm_source=InsideClimate+News&utm_campaign=6d5d54cdda-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2024_08_10_01_03&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_29c928ffb5-6d5d54cdda-327998718 .......