2025 NDC Synthesis Report.....This report provides valuable new insights, albeit limited in scope, on the basis of the 64 new NDCs submitted by 64 Parties to the Paris Agreement and recorded in the NDC registry between 1 January 2024 and 30 September 2025, covering about 30 percent of total global emissions in 2019. It is not possible to draw wide-ranging global-level conclusions or inferences from this limited data set. Nevertheless, the report highlights many key lessons, about progress being made and major challenges ahead, emerging from the NDCs synthesized:
  1. The new NDCs show a progression in terms of quality, credibility and economic coverage, with 89 per cent of Parties communicating economy-wide targets (compared with 81 per cent in their previous NDCs);
  2. The new NDCs include responses to the outcomes of the first GST, with 88 per cent of Parties indicating that their NDCs were informed by the outcomes of the GST and 80 per cent specifying how;
  3. The emissions trajectories set out in the new NDCs are broadly consistent with a linear trajectory from the Parties’ 2030 targets to their long-term net zero targets, showing that Parties are laying out clear stepping-stones towards net zero, although acceleration of action is still needed;
  4. Collectively, the new NDCs show a reduction in projected emissions of 17 (11–24) per cent below the 2019 level;
  5. All NDCs go beyond mitigation to include elements, inter alia, on adaptation, finance, technology transfer, capacity-building and addressing loss and damage, reflecting the comprehensive scope of the Paris Agreement;
  6. Adaptation and resilience are featuring more prominently in NDCs, with 73 per cent of the new NDCs including an adaptation component;
  7. Implementation of the new NDCs necessitates strong, ongoing international cooperation, and new and innovative approaches to unlock finance and support for developing country Parties at scale.
Content of the report......Mandate and background   In accordance with the Paris Agreement, each Party is to prepare, communicate and maintain, every five years, successive NDCs that it intends to achieve and each successive NDC will represent progression reflecting the Party’s highest possible ambition and be informed by the outcomes of the GST.  The communicated NDCs are to be recorded in the NDC registry, maintained by the secretariat......read the full report.....https://unfccc.int/process-and-meetings/the-paris-agreement/nationally-determined-contributions-ndcs/2025-ndc-synthesis-report#Mandate-and-background